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Sodium hydrogen carbonate, or baking soda, is a chemical compound with a wide range of useful uses. It is commonly found in fire extinguishing powders, agricultural products such as dairy cattle feed, pest control, and many other industrial applications.

It is also used as an antidote for poisonings and a vital ingredient in medicine. Among other uses, it is an effective antacid and is widely prescribed for treating acid indigestion and heartburn.

The boiling point of sodium hydrogen carbonate is 851 degrees Celsius. This means that it can be used in a wide range of industrial and domestic applications, including as an evaporative cooling agent and a reducing agent for removing urea from waste water.

Unlike sulfate-based acid gas sorbents, NaHCO3-based DSI systems are commercially proven to achieve high efficiencies in the removal of HCl and SO2 from flue gas streams. Nevertheless, open issues remain in terms of the reactivity of sodium-based sorbents towards the two gases, particularly in their temperature dependence.

Understanding the reaction kinetics and overall sorbent conversion in heterogeneous reactions between NaHCO3 and HCl or SO2 is crucial for the design of effective and sustainable acid gas treatment systems. In particular, the choice of operating temperature for the activation and sintering of activated sodium carbonate is critical for the optimal performance of the systems under study.

A laboratory-scale system is designed to simulate a cake of sorbent in a fabric filter, with the objective of analyzing the effect of temperature on the reactivity and the overall sorption conversion between NaHCO3 and acid gases at low concentrations. Results show that the optimal sorbent operating temperature depends on a trade-off between reaction kinetics and sintering.

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