Zinc Sulfide Zinc sulfide The chemical formula for ZnS is ZnS. Its molar weight is 97.47g/mol. ZnS’s chemical structure is very simple. It consists of zinc metal bound to sulfur by a polar covalent link. It is found as the mineral, sphalerite. This mineral, although usually black due to impurities, is white and is widely used in pigments. In its dense, synthetic form, zinc sulfur can be transparent. This is why it’s used in optical windows for both visible and IR optics. Zinc Sulfide is yellowish white powder that appears in a liquid. It is not soluble in liquid water and is denser. The main hazard to the environment. To limit the spread in the environment, immediate action should be taken. It is easily absorbed by the soil, contaminating nearby groundwater and waterways.
There are two crystal forms of solid zinc sulfide, alpha and beta, which have hexagonal (wurtzite), respectively, and cubic (sphalerite) structures. Beta crystalline ZnS (sphalerite), the more stable, is found in beta crystalline form.
Zinc sulfide Occurrence:
Zinc sulfide It is found in nature as zinc blende (also called sphalerite), which is a mix of iron and Zinc sulfides. In nature, zinc dioxide is found in the form of “zincite.” Fluorescence occurs when light energy is absorbed then rapidly reemitted. The phosphorescence from zinc sulfide is visible after the UV light has been turned off.

Zinc sulfide Preparation:
Zinc Sulfide may be produced by several simple methods, including the combustion or reaction of zinc and sulfur. Another method is to pass hydrogen sulfide into an aqueous solution with any Zn2+. The insoluble ZnS can be prepared by reacting the zinc oxide with hydrogen sulfur:
ZnO + H2S = ZnS plus H2O
Zinc Sulfide Physical Property:
Zinc Sulfide can be found in two distinct crystal forms. The wurtzite is white or yellowish white crystals. While the sphalerite is greyish white. It has a mass density of 4.09g/mL and a melting temperature of 1.185 degC.
Zinc Sulfide Chemical Property:
Zinc Sulfide Is Insoluble in Water It breaks down in the presence strong acids and oxidizing agents. When heated to temperatures greater than 900 degrees Celsius, it releases sulfur and zinc fumes. It also reacts strongly acidic solutions, releasing hydrogen-sulfide. At a temperature of about 102 degrees Celsius, the beta-crystalline ZnS material (sphalerite), a stable form, transforms into its alpha-crystalline form (wurtzite). ZnS is a luminous material that exhibits phosphorescence under UV light.
Zinc sulfide Uses:
Zinc Sulfide is used in many applications because of its luminescent quality. It is used to make electroluminescent and phosphorescent materials. Zinc Sulfide, also known as zinc sulfide, is used for optical lenses and windows, as well infrared optic material. It’s also a wide bandgap semiconductor, and an effective photo catalyst.
The most common usage of ZnS As a pigment in paints, rubbers, and plastics. Lithopone (a mixture of ZnS, barium, and sulfate) is widely used as a pigment in low-gloss enamels. ZnS can be used for a variety of electronic and decorative uses because it is phosphorescent.
Zinc sulfide hazards:
Zinc Sulfide exposure is not harmful to humans. It mainly causes irritations of the respiratory tract, skin and eyes. This is a serious environment hazard because it is highly toxic for aquatic organisms.

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Zinc oxide powder Zinc oxide powder The chemical formula for zinc oxide is ZnO. Water is not soluble, but it dissolves in acid and strong alkali. Zinc dioxide powder is an additive widely used by chemical manufacturers. It can be found in plastics and silicate products as well as synthetic rubber, lubricants paints ointments adhesives food, batteries flame retardants. The zinc oxide powder is transparent, has a high energy band gap, possesses a high exciton-binding energy, and emits light at optimum room temperature. It’s used in liquid-crystal displays, thin film transistors, light emitting diodes and other semiconductor products. As a nanomaterial, micro-particles of zinc oxide have also started to play a significant role in related fields.
Physical properties of Zinc Oxide Powder
Appearance: white powder, hexagonal crystals. It is odorless, tastesless, and does not sand. When heated up to 1800degC, it sublimates and turns white. The masking power is about half of that of zinc sulfide or titanium dioxide. The tinting strength of basic lead is two times that of titanium dioxide.
Solubility : soluble with acid, concentrated alkali, ammonia, and ammonium-salt solution. Insoluble with water and ethanol.
Zinc oxide powder chemical properties
Zinc oxide powder This white pigment is commonly called zinc white. It is white, so it doesn’t turn black when exposed to H2S. ZnO changes gradually from white to light to lemon yellow when heated. As it cools down, the yellow disappears. It can be added to paints or thermometers to produce color-changing paints or thermometers. ZnO, which has an astringent quality and a certain bactericidal property, is commonly used as ointment. ZnO may also be used to create catalysts.

Preparation of Zinc Oxide Powder
1. Direct method
1. You can get it by calcining Zinc Carbonate. ZnCO3=ZnO+CO2|
2. The zinc hydroxide is calcined and decomposed to obtain the metal.
3. Zinc is made by melting zinc oxide at high temperatures and oxidizing it with air.
4. This is obtained by oxidizing molten zinc.
5. Methods include indirect (also called French method) utilizing zinc ingots, direct (also known American method) utilizing zinc ore and wet (also known as American method).
2. The indirect method.
Reaction equation: 2Zn+O2=2ZnO
Operation: The zinc ingot produced by electrolysis is heated to 600700°C to melt. It is then placed in a high-temperature resistant pot, melted and vaporized at a temperature of 13001400°C, introduced hot air for oxidation, and finally the zinc dioxide is cooled.
Direct method Reaction equation:
C+O2=CO2
CO2+C=2CO
ZnO+CO=Zn (steam)+CO2
Zn (steam)+CO+O2=ZnO+CO2
Method: In a proportion of 1:0.5 to 0.05, the roasted zinc powder (or zinc containing material), coke (or anthracite) and limestone are rolled into balls. After reduction at 1300degC and smelting, the zinc ore powder in the ore pellet is reduced into zinc vapor. This zinc vapor is then oxidized with air and captured as a final product.
3. Wet method
Zinc sulfate can be prepared by reacting zinc-ash with sulfuric acid. It is then combined with ammonia and sodium carbonate to form zinc oxide. The reaction is described by the following equation:
Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2|
ZnSO4+Na2CO3=ZnCO3|+Na2SO4
ZnSO4+2NH3*H2O=Zn(OH)2|+(NH4)2SO4
The product is made from zinc carbonate. zinc oxide is obtained by washing and drying. ZnCO3-ZnO+CO2|
The zinc oxide product is made by washing, precipitation and drying the zinc hydroxide, followed by calcination, cooling and pulverization. Zn(OH)2-ZnO+H2O

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