Titanium Carbide: An Introduction The chemical formula of Titan carbide TiC is a gray, metal-like, solid with a cubic lattice. Its molecular weight (59.89) is also 59.89. The melting temperature of titanium carbide ranges from 3140+90degC to 4820degC. Its relative density is 4,93 and its hardness is higher than 9.
Titanium carbide, while insoluble in water is soluble with nitric acids and aqua regia. It is stable when the temperature is below 800. However, when the temperature is above 2000 it will be corroded.
Carbonized TiO2 and TiO2 powders are heated in electric furnaces to 2300-2700degC.
Titanium carbide, which can be used in the manufacture of hard alloys as well as for arc lamp electrodes and abrasives, can be used.
Titan carbide can be prepared in several different ways
Reduce carbothermic toxicity using a reduction method
Use carbon black to reduce the TiO2 – the temperature range for this reaction is between 1700 and 2100. The chemical reaction formula: Direct Carbonization
Ti powder and carbon dust react to form TiC. The chemical reaction formula: Ti(s),+C(s),=TiC. The application of this method will be limited because it’s difficult to make sub-micron Ti powder. The reaction above takes between 5-20 hours and is hard to control. The reactants agglomerate and require additional grinding processes to achieve fine particles. Granular TiC powder. After ball milling, it is important to chemically purify the fine Powder to get a purer product.
Chemical vapor deposition
The reaction between TiCl4, and H2 and C is used in the synthesis of the monofilament. TiC The monofilament is soaked with crystals. This method is limited in its production and quality of the TiC powder. It is important to be cautious when synthesizing TiCl4 because the HCl it contains can be very corrosive.
Microwave method
Use microwave energy to heat nano-TiO2 and carbon as raw materials. The dielectric loss in the high frequency electric field is used to convert microwave energy into heating energy.
Blast impact method
Preparing the precursor requires mixing the titanium dioxide powder with the carbon powder in a specific proportion. The powder density is set at 1.5g/cm3, the outer cylinder is made of metal, and the laboratory placed inside. It is then placed in an airtight container made by yourself for the experiment. The detonation powder will be collected after the shock wave. After sieving the black powder, impurities like iron filings and large particles are removed. The black powder is soaked in Aqua Regia for 24hrs, then calcined 400degC at 400minutes to produce a silver-gray color.
High-temperature self-propagating synthesis
(SHS) SHS is a method that derives from an exothermic chemical reaction. When heated at the right temperature, fine-grained Ti Powder has a high degree of reactivity. The combustion wave produced after ignition will pass through Ti and the C reactants, and the reaction heat generated by Ti and the C will generate TiC. SHS has a reaction time of less than one second. The synthesis requires fine, high-purity Ti powder for the raw material and output is limited.
Reaction ball grinding technique
The reactive ball milling technique is a method that utilizes the chemical reaction of metal or alloy powder with other elements or compounds during the ball milling to prepare required materials. Reactive ball milling is used to prepare nanomaterials using a high energy ball mill. This is mostly used to make nanocrystalline materials. The reaction ball grinding mechanism can be divided in two categories: the first is the mechanically induced high-temperature self-propagation reaction (SHS), while the second is the reaction ballmilling with no obvious exotherm and the reaction is slow.
Uses of titanium carbide
1. Use as an additive for metal bismuth and zinc melting crucibles and to prepare HDD large-capacity memories devices and wear-resistant semiconductor films.
2. This is a component of cemented carburide used as a steelmaking deoxidizer.
3. As cermet it is known for its high hardness, corrosion-resistance, and thermal stability.
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Titanium carbide Overview Titanium carbide has the chemical formula TiC and a molecular weight of 59.89. Gray metallic lattice solid with a face-centered cubic structure. Melting point: 3140+-90, boiling point: 4820, relative densities 4.93. Hardness is greater that 9. Water insoluble, but soluble with nitric and aqua regia. It is stable with air below 800 and eroded in air above 2000. It can react with O2 pure at 1150C.
Titanium carbide ceramics is a typical transition metal carbide. TiC’s unique properties are due to its bonding, which is a mixture of ionic covalent and metallic bonds. TiC has many unique properties due to its crystal structure. These include high hardness, high melt point, wear resistance, and electrical conductivity.
Preparation of Titanium Carbide
Method: a mixture of carbon and titanium powder obtained by hydrogenation TiO2 in high temperature or by pressing TiO2 and Carbon powder into blocks. Then heated in electric furnace to 2300-2700 and carbonized under H2 atmosphere. The hard, crystalline powders TiC and Titanium carbide are prepared by the reaction between titanium oxide and carbon black above 1800degC. Cobalt and nickel are used to compact it for heat-resistant parts and cutting tools. Cutting tools are more brittle, and it’s lighter. Sintered carbide is less likely to produce grooves when combined with the tungsten carbide in tool materials. Property of titanium carbide
Theoretically TiC contains 20.05 percent carbon. It is a metallic light gray. It is chemically resistant and inert towards hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acids. TiC dissolves readily in oxidizing chemical solutions, like aqua regia, nitric and hydrofluoric acids, or hydrofluoric. It dissolves also in an alkaline oxidation melt. Nitrogen is formed above -1500degC in a nitrogenous air. TiC can be attacked by chlorine and tends to oxidize when heated in the air.
The elastic modulus for TiC is 309 706 MPa. The material sintered from 2600 to 3000 has a fracture modulus between 499.8 and 843.2MPa at room temperatures. The thermal modulus is 107.78 – 116.96mpa for 982 and 54.4-63.92mpa for 2200. The melting point of TiC is 3160 degrees C. At room temperature, the resistivity is 180 to 250 It is a good conductor for high temperatures. The thermal coefficient of expansion between 593degC and room temperature is 4.12×10-6/degF. Thermal conductivity is 0.04 CAL/cm S/degC.
Titan carbide ceramics
1. Multiphase materials : titanium carbide is a super hard material. It can be produced with TiN and Al2O3 to make various multiphase ceramics. This material has a high melting temperature, possesses exemplary chemical stability, and is used for cutting tool, wear resistant parts. Titanium carbide ceramics can be used for cutting high-speed steel wire regulating wheels, and carbon steel. This is because they have a good oxidation-resistance and do not cause crescent wear. The use of multiphase ceramics containing titanium carbide has been widespread.
2. Coating material: Titanium carbide as a surface coat is an extremely wear-resistant material. By a physical or chemical process, diamond surfaces are coated with carbides that can form metals and alloys. At high temperature, these metals and alloys react with diamond surface carbon to produce stable metal carbides. These carbides are not only able to bond with diamonds, but they can also infiltrate matrix metals, enhancing the adhesion between matrix metal and diamond. Tool life can increase by up to three times with titanium carbide film.
3. The research on nuclear fusion reactors has shown that titanium carbide and composite (TiN+TiC) coating materials, after chemical heat treatments, create a tritium-resistant layer of permeability on the surface titanium carbide. This layer can withstand hydrogen ion exposure and withstand thermal cycles and large temperature gradients.
4. The ceramics made of titanium carbide are good for optical purposes.
Titanium carbide Supplier
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